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Effect of Social Capital on Mitigating Transaction Uncertainty of Small Enterprises in Sri Lanka
H. M. S. Priyanath,
S. P. Premaratne
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 1, March 2018
Pages:
1-10
Received:
5 October 2017
Accepted:
16 October 2017
Published:
14 December 2017
Abstract: Small Enterprises (SEs) do not have capacity to collect and evaluate information to predict future behavior of business environment on one hand and they fail to avoid the hazards from opportunism of exchange partners on the other hand due to the lack of information. SEs develop informal and personal relationships with different members of the network expecting supports in order to overcome their limitation of information. The network relationships lead to build Social Capital (SC) (values of social relationships; i.e. inter-personal trusts, relational norms, flexibility, integrity, common understand etc.) and thereby facilitate access to information which have an influence on mitigating Transaction Uncertainty (TU). Therefore, the study attempted to explore how different dimensions of SC affect the mitigation of TU of SEs in Sri Lanka. The study mainly employed the survey method to gather data using quantitative methodological approach. The data were collected from 373 SEs located in nine districts representing all Provinces in Sri Lanka, conducting face-to-face interviews with the respondents. The data were analysed using Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modelling. The results revealed that different dimensions of SC (structural, relational and cognitive) have a significant impact on mitigating TU of SEs in Sri Lanka. Thus, the study has provided sufficient evidences to conclude that SC has a significant impact on mitigating TU of SEs. The study contributes to theoretical knowledge by synthesizing all the dimensions of SC and TU into a new framework and testing it empirically which extends the transaction cost economics in the context of SEs in Sri Lanka. The study contributes to the methodology quantifying SC of SEs using a multi-dimensional conceptual model. The study provides important insights for policy makers to focus their strategies to new direction rather than conventional supporting approaches to develop SEs.
Abstract: Small Enterprises (SEs) do not have capacity to collect and evaluate information to predict future behavior of business environment on one hand and they fail to avoid the hazards from opportunism of exchange partners on the other hand due to the lack of information. SEs develop informal and personal relationships with different members of the netwo...
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Influencing Purchasing Positioning – Deriving a Model Based on External Factors
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 1, March 2018
Pages:
11-16
Received:
28 September 2017
Accepted:
24 November 2017
Published:
20 December 2017
Abstract: Strategy, Employees, Organization, Method and Tools, Processes and Systems can be named as the internal factors which determine organizational performance. Embedded in a corporate organization and interfering with market players there seem to exist further factors, which need to be considered. Since the end of last century corporations experienced economically critical situations, e.g. global finance crisis, war in Iraq, resource scarcity showed enormous impact on global economy and forced even best positioned purchasing organizations to design and implement counter measures to increase their efficiency and effectiveness. Besides significant market disturbance principal market approaches and the interface to corporate indicate further factors. This paper examines which external factors besides the above explained internal factors influence the positioning of a purchasing organization, as the initial analysis step for a cost optimization program. Based on a literature research 4 external influencing factors, a so called 4-Corner-Model will be introduced, subsequently per deductive reasoning typical challenges exposed and counter measures derived. Though internal factors create efficiency and effectiveness, external determine how internal factors should be designed and applied. Thus in order to holistically examine purchasing positioning an analysis of external factors is essential as cost optimization projects often miss their intended goals due to the fact, that purchasing positioning is not carried out properly and wrong conclusion are drawn. The outcome of this paper will help decision makers to understand the real cause of purchasing performance level based on external factors to subsequently design a target oriented approach of purchasing and cost optimization projects.
Abstract: Strategy, Employees, Organization, Method and Tools, Processes and Systems can be named as the internal factors which determine organizational performance. Embedded in a corporate organization and interfering with market players there seem to exist further factors, which need to be considered. Since the end of last century corporations experienced ...
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Influence of Hospital Capabilities on Organizational Performance of Mission Hospitals in Kenya
Peter Gaturu,
Daniel Oigo
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 1, March 2018
Pages:
17-21
Received:
29 November 2017
Accepted:
15 December 2017
Published:
19 January 2018
Abstract: Modern healthcare is characterized by new disease patterns; advanced technologies; unpredictable patients’ needs; physical infrastructure and diverse workforce requirements. A hospital is mainly the first point of health care service delivery; and is indispensable in fostering a healthy population. The health sector in Kenya has allowed a diverse non-governmental healthcare sector to develop. Mission hospitals belong to this sector and can significantly improve their service delivery with proper application of strategic management practices. The field of strategic management has undergone a major shift in focus over the last two decades regarding organizational performance variation: from industry's specific to organization-specific factors. Since the inception of strategic management studies in the 1950s; scholars have sought to know determinants that make some organizations more successful than others. This quest has created a bifurcated view, one on industry structure and the other on specific organizational resources.
Abstract: Modern healthcare is characterized by new disease patterns; advanced technologies; unpredictable patients’ needs; physical infrastructure and diverse workforce requirements. A hospital is mainly the first point of health care service delivery; and is indispensable in fostering a healthy population. The health sector in Kenya has allowed a diverse n...
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Impact of Capital Flight on Economic Growth in Nigeria: An Econometric Approach
Samson Bredino,
Peter Fiderikumo,
Adedoyin Adesuji
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 1, March 2018
Pages:
22-29
Received:
22 December 2017
Accepted:
15 January 2018
Published:
21 March 2018
Abstract: This article examined the impact of capital flight on economic growth in Nigeria. Classical methods of predicting impact of capital flight on economic growth have not yielded much result. This research examines time series data which includes gross domestic product (GDP), capital flight, exchange rate and external debt which was computed from the national Bureau of Statistics and central Bank of Nigeria Statistical Bulletin. The model estimated to cover the period 1980 – 2012 was analyzed using combined global technique, Artificial Neural Network (ANN) as a predictive technique and classical techniques like Ordinary Least Square (OLS) and co-integration/error correction methods. The variable in the model was estimated for possible co-integration. Research finding showed that capital flight have adverse impact on the GDP, while exchange rate impacts positively on the GDP which is in consonance with apriori expectation. Based on the findings, recommendations were made on how to check the menace of capital flight in Nigeria. Among such recommendation is the need for the government to setup appropriate institutions to check the volume of capital that is been flown out of the country, there should be restrictions on external borrowing tendencies on all levels of governments and agencies as well as private sector organizations; government should maintain a competitive and stable exchange rate policy.
Abstract: This article examined the impact of capital flight on economic growth in Nigeria. Classical methods of predicting impact of capital flight on economic growth have not yielded much result. This research examines time series data which includes gross domestic product (GDP), capital flight, exchange rate and external debt which was computed from the n...
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