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Determinants of Pastoralists Livelihoods Diversification in Ethiopia: A Literature Review
Tesfaye Tura,
Tsion Tekalegni
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 3, September 2023
Pages:
77-82
Received:
23 November 2022
Accepted:
9 January 2023
Published:
10 August 2023
Abstract: Pastoral is a livelihood in which at least 50% of a household’s food income is derived from livestock. In Ethiopia the pastorals represent 10% of the all populations and which they hold 42% of the livestock populations of the country. The livestock contribute 16% and 33% for National and Agricultural sector GDP respectively. Despite its contribution for the sector development specifically and the country in general, Ethiopian, pastoralist livelihoods are increasingly under pressure. Policies have favoured externally imposed development schemes which often alienate and expropriate pastoral lands in favour of large-scale commercial activities. This reviewed paper focus is to assess the push and pull factors for pastorals livelihood diversification in Ethiopia. Pastoralist livelihood systems of a country are become increasingly vulnerable due to resource range land degradation, diminishing resilience against drought, population growth, break up of traditional governance system; lack of market linkage, least developed of veterinary services, and water sources both for human and livestock and rural finance. These factors are push factors for pastorals livelihood diversification in Ethiopia. On the other hand, Expansion of education, infrastructure, and expansion of on-farm employment opportunities and strengths of market linkage are the pull factors for livelihood diversification. The government and others development practitioners should encourage the livelihood diversification of pastoral households and support with the area-specific policy and strategies to ensure the development of pastoral households in the country.
Abstract: Pastoral is a livelihood in which at least 50% of a household’s food income is derived from livestock. In Ethiopia the pastorals represent 10% of the all populations and which they hold 42% of the livestock populations of the country. The livestock contribute 16% and 33% for National and Agricultural sector GDP respectively. Despite its contributio...
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Tertiary Institutions Accounting Program and Employability of Accounting Graduates in Nigeria
Ogundeko Sodiq Temitayo,
Sholuade Grace Temitope
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 3, September 2023
Pages:
83-93
Received:
8 March 2023
Accepted:
6 April 2023
Published:
6 September 2023
Abstract: There is increasing evidence that Nigerian University graduates, particularly graduates of accounting programs lack employable skills that are essential to the real world and competencies that are needed in growing knowledge industries, complex business environments and globalized capital markets. The issue of employability has long been debated in literature in various countries, pointing out that the issue is not peculiar to a particular country but is rapidly becoming an area of concern globally and in all disciplines including accounting. The accounting curriculum has long been criticized for being too narrow, outmoded and defective; as it has failed to equip students sufficiently for employment in the business environment. The primary aim of this study is to examine Tertiary Institutions Accounting Programs and the employability of accounting graduates considering the skills expectation-performance gap in Nigeria. Three objectives were formulated in this regard. The study adopted a survey and experimental research design focusing on students from selected universities students in Lagos and Professional Accountants from the Big 4’s accounting firms. Based on the analyses, the Management information system is a significant determinant of data literacy skills and tech-savviness of accounting graduates, Accounting courses sharpen students’ analytical and innovation skills of graduates and other social and academic events significantly enhance the quality of accounting graduates in Nigeria. The study therefore concluded that the accounting curriculum to a large extent affects the employability of accounting graduates. It was recommended among others that tertiary institutions should extensively improve the curriculum, curriculum should be designed in line with requisite industry requirements. Tertiary institutions which have not included internships in the curriculum should consider its inclusion.
Abstract: There is increasing evidence that Nigerian University graduates, particularly graduates of accounting programs lack employable skills that are essential to the real world and competencies that are needed in growing knowledge industries, complex business environments and globalized capital markets. The issue of employability has long been debated in...
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Effect of Supply Chain Management Practice on Operational Performance in the Case of Bedele Brewery Share Company
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 3, September 2023
Pages:
94-107
Received:
11 August 2023
Accepted:
31 August 2023
Published:
13 September 2023
Abstract: The main objective of this study was to investigate the effect of supply chain management practices on operational performance of Bedele brewery Share Company. The dimensions of SCM practices examined in this study were strategic supplier partnership, customer relationship management, level of information sharing, quality of information sharing and internal lean practice. The metrics for measuring the company’s operational performance was the lead time. Quantitative research approach was used for this study to determine the effect of supply chain management practices and operational performance of BBS. c. Descriptive and explanatory research design employed for the study. Probability sampling technique particularly stratified and simple random sampling method was used to enables the researcher to use his discretion in selecting samples from the target population. Using a total of 33 questionnaires; the primary data was collected from 184 employees. The data was collected by using 5 point Likert Scale type questionnaire and then the collected data were analyzed using SPSS Version 25. From the result of the analysis it was concluded that there was strong positive and significant correlation between SCM practices and overall operational performance since the SCM practices included in this study explained by 80.9% of the variability of the operational performance of the company. Based on the findings, the researcher recommended that, Bedele brewery share company should strive to involve its key suppliers in planning and goal setting, create long term agreement with key strategic suppliers, interact with customers to set reliability, responsiveness, and other standard work for the organization, to be informed on the changing needs in order to improve their understanding with their trading partners and to work on improving quality of information sharing practices across the supply chain timely with its supplier.
Abstract: The main objective of this study was to investigate the effect of supply chain management practices on operational performance of Bedele brewery Share Company. The dimensions of SCM practices examined in this study were strategic supplier partnership, customer relationship management, level of information sharing, quality of information sharing and...
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