-
Effect of the Quality of Institutions on the Tax Structure in West African Economic and Monetary Union Countries (WAEMU)
Aichatou Mourfou,
Idrissa Mohamed Ouedraogo
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 1, March 2021
Pages:
1-11
Received:
5 January 2021
Accepted:
18 January 2021
Published:
25 January 2021
Abstract: The objective of this paper is to analyze the effect of the quality of institutions on the different types of tax revenues, in particular on the total tax revenue, the direct tax revenue, the domestic indirect tax revenue and the trade tax revenue. The econometric analysis used the Pooled Mean Group (PMG) estimator over the period from 1996 to 2015. The results of the estimates show that in the WAEMU zone, the quality of institutions has a positive and significant effect on all types of tax revenues except for trade tax revenue. These results are robust because they do not change according to the different indicators used to measure the quality of institutions. Furthermore, overall, GDP per capita positively and significantly affects total and indirect domestic tax revenue, while it has a negative effect on direct tax revenue. Trade openness has a positive and significant effect on all types of tax revenues, except for indirect domestic tax revenue. The share of agriculture has a positive and significant effect on all types of revenue except trade tax revenue. Inflation has a negative and significant effect on all types of tax revenues. The share of natural resources and the size of the informal sector show mixed results.
Abstract: The objective of this paper is to analyze the effect of the quality of institutions on the different types of tax revenues, in particular on the total tax revenue, the direct tax revenue, the domestic indirect tax revenue and the trade tax revenue. The econometric analysis used the Pooled Mean Group (PMG) estimator over the period from 1996 to 2015...
Show More
-
The Mediating Role of Strategy Execution on the Relationship Between TMT Characteristics and Organizational Performance in a Regulatory Setting in Kenya
Joseph Odongo Oketch,
James Mutuku Kilika,
Godfrey Muigai Kinyua
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 1, March 2021
Pages:
12-22
Received:
7 January 2021
Accepted:
1 February 2021
Published:
9 February 2021
Abstract: There is consensus among strategic management scholars and practitioners that strategic management as a practice has a vital role in organizational performance. It has also been argued that the strategic management process can be divided into four broad stages namely, strategy formulation, strategy execution, strategy monitoring and strategy evaluation. Some strategic management scholars have asserted that the strategy execution process can make a sound strategic decision ineffective or a debatable strategic choice successful. The specific objective of the study was to establish the mediating effect of strategy execution on the relationship between top management team characteristics and organizational performance of independent regulatory agencies in Kenya. The study embraced descriptive cross-sectional research design. The target population of the study was all the twenty-three independent regulatory agencies currently existing in Kenya. The study adopted a census survey of all the top management team members in all the twenty-three independent regulatory agencies in order to capture the required information due to the uniqueness of each independent regulatory agency and the distinct roles played by each top management team member in their organizations. Structured questionnaire administered through drop and pick later method was used to gather primary data from the respondents. Descriptive statistics of the respondents was summarized into percentages, frequencies, means and standard deviations for interpretation. The mediation effect was tested using the Baron and Kenny model. The findings of the study showed that strategy execution partially mediates the relationship between TMT characteristics and Organizational Performance of the independent regulatory agencies in Kenya. The study recommends that independent regulatory agencies need to develop a reward system for their TMTs who excel in executing their organizational strategies so that they can be motivated, and to provide an opportunity for the managers to compete amongst themselves in order to achieve superior organizational performance. Lastly, the study recommends that the independent regulatory agencies should have stable funding mechanism to enable them execute their identified strategies in order to achieve and sustain superior organizational performance.
Abstract: There is consensus among strategic management scholars and practitioners that strategic management as a practice has a vital role in organizational performance. It has also been argued that the strategic management process can be divided into four broad stages namely, strategy formulation, strategy execution, strategy monitoring and strategy evalua...
Show More
-
Influence of Firm Size on CEOs Compensation
Omamo Anne,
Peter K’obonyo,
Florence Muindi
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 1, March 2021
Pages:
23-29
Received:
5 February 2021
Accepted:
17 February 2021
Published:
27 February 2021
Abstract: This study focused its attention to the link among firm size and CEO compensation of firms listed at the NSE. Previous researchers have identified firm’s characteristics that influence the firm’s ability to perform. The identified characteristics include firm size, age, reputation and legitimacy. A firm’s characteristics could be described through reference to resources the firm owns and by the organization’s objectives. Previous researches examined the factors influencing CEO compensation revealed a lack of consensus to the explanation of increases in CEO’S compensation. While most of the studies confirm linkages between organizational performance and CEO compensation, they measured organizational performance using financial indicators of performance, this study investigates the link between firm size and CEOs compensation. The study’s population constituted 40 firms listed at the NSE. A mixed design was adopted in the study. Primary data was gathered to capture the opinion of board members on firm size characteristics that determine levels of CEO’S compensation using semi structured questionnaire. Secondary sources of data were used to gather information on financial performance from the financial statement of the listed organizations for 2016-2017 financial periods. Descriptive statistics, correlations, linear, multiple and stepwise regression were applied in analyzing and interpreting the data that was collected. The research revealed that there was significant and positive relationship between firm size and CEOs compensation. The findings of this study are of benefit to board members of organizations in identifying the performance measures that are important to consider when making decisions on CEO remuneration.
Abstract: This study focused its attention to the link among firm size and CEO compensation of firms listed at the NSE. Previous researchers have identified firm’s characteristics that influence the firm’s ability to perform. The identified characteristics include firm size, age, reputation and legitimacy. A firm’s characteristics could be described through ...
Show More
-
Influence of Organizational Leadership on Organizational Learning in Private Chartered Universities in Kenya
Beth Wangari Njuguna,
Esther Waiganjo,
Willy Muturi
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 1, March 2021
Pages:
30-36
Received:
5 February 2021
Accepted:
15 February 2021
Published:
4 March 2021
Abstract: Organizations are facing many challenges due to multiplicity of factors such as globalization and the resulting intensification of competition within organizations. This calls for a reexamination of organizational leadership and its response to the increasing competitive world. It also implies that organizations need to introduce robust organizational communication between leaders and subordinates in an institutionally supported and coherent package combined with high reliance on technology-based systems. The objective of this study was therefore to determine the influence of organizational leadership on organizational learning among private universities in Kenya. The study reviewed the theories of organizational learning focusing mainly on the human capital theory, contingency theory, and institution theory as well the empirical literature relevant to the study. The study adopted descriptive research design using both quantitative and qualitative approaches because it ensures complete description of the situation, making sure that there is minimum bias in the collection of data. The target population for the study was obtained from 18 private charted Universities authorized to offer higher education in Kenya, through purposive sampling. The sample population was made up of a total of 180 respondents, comprising 10 participants in the rank of senior managers from each of the 18 chartered Kenyan Private Universities. Data was collected through interview schedules and drop and pick questionnaires and analysed with the aid of descriptive and inferential statistics. A response of 87% was obtained. Pearson Product Moment Correlation analysis was carried out to ascertain the extent of the relationship between the variables. The study revealed that in private chartered universities in Kenya, organizational leadership is a valid antecedent since the variable had significant positive relationship with organization learning.
Abstract: Organizations are facing many challenges due to multiplicity of factors such as globalization and the resulting intensification of competition within organizations. This calls for a reexamination of organizational leadership and its response to the increasing competitive world. It also implies that organizations need to introduce robust organizatio...
Show More
-
Influence of Supply Chain Leagility on Performance of Humanitarian Aid Organizations in Kenya
Nyile Erastus Kiswili,
Ismail Noor Shale,
Anthony Osoro
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 1, March 2021
Pages:
37-57
Received:
25 February 2021
Accepted:
9 March 2021
Published:
17 March 2021
Abstract: In today’s volatile and uncertain humanitarian environment, adopting a purely lean or a purely agile supply chain is not effective. Humanitarian organizations are struggling to obtain the highest possible performance from their supply chains by utilizing and adopting various supply chain designs. This is upon realization that despite the huge chunks of money pumped into humanitarian sector, stringent oversight by donors and expectations from vulnerable populations, humanitarian supply chains still respond in a sluggish, inefficient and poorly coordinated manner to emergencies. The purpose of this study was to explore the influence of supply chain responsiveness and waste management on performance of humanitarian aid organizations in Kenya. The underpinning theories and model in this study included; Decoupling Point theory; Theory of Constraints and SCOR model. Survey research design was employed for this study. The study entailed a census survey of all the 330 humanitarian aid organizations in Kenya with supply chain managers as the unit of observation. Questionnaires were used to collect primary data. Descriptive statistics and inferential statistics was used aided by SPSS version 24 to facilitate data analysis. The data was presented using a combination of statistical and graphical techniques. Trend analysis was used to spot a pattern on the sub-constructs of performance of humanitarian aid organizations for five years. The study findings revealed that supply chain responsiveness and waste management are positively associated with performance of humanitarian aid organizations. From the findings, most humanitarian aid organizations had knowingly or unknowingly partially implemented leagility design in their supply chains. The findings further showed that despite the rise in disaster resource allocation, the culture of preparedness was lacking in the country. Based on these findings and conclusions, the study recommended that to achieve and sustain an efficient and responsive supply chain, humanitarian aid organizations should design, implement and fully adopt leagility design in their humanitarian supply chains. Humanitarian aid organizations are recommended to embrace advanced technologies to improve their supply chain leagility. Donors on the other hand were encouraged to strengthen local capacity of affected communities and increase their funding on humanitarian aid operations. In addition, supply chain professionals should come up with new ways of predicting demand in a volatile, uncertain, complex and ambiguous environment learning from data from previous disasters. The study further recommends for a creation of a disaster preparedness plan that gives the way forward in times of tragedies or disasters.
Abstract: In today’s volatile and uncertain humanitarian environment, adopting a purely lean or a purely agile supply chain is not effective. Humanitarian organizations are struggling to obtain the highest possible performance from their supply chains by utilizing and adopting various supply chain designs. This is upon realization that despite the huge chunk...
Show More
